Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; Series Foreword; 1. Factors in Health and Wellness; Health and Disease in History; Health, Disease, and the Body; Disease Theory in the Ancient Near East: Mesopotamia and Egypt; Disease Theory in the Western Medical Tradition: Greece, Rome, the Islamic World, and Medieval Europe; Disease Theory in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine; Disease Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine; Health and Social Well-Being; 2. Education and Training: Learned and Non-Learned; Medical Learning in the Ancient Near East; Mesopotamia; Egypt.;Brings together material on the history of medicine in many different cultures, from antiquity through the Middle Ages Encourages a comparative study of the role of medicine in world history Highlights the special role of medicine in society and how the delivery of health care is shaped by different cultural belief systems and practices.

lgrsnf/Health and Wellness in Antiquity through the Middle Ages.pdf

lgli/Health and Wellness in Antiquity through the Middle Ages.pdf

lgli/3. Middle Ages\Medieval Society and Everyday Life\Health and Diseases [Medicine]\William York - Health and Wellness in Antiquity through the Middle Ages (Health and Wellness in Daily Life) (Retail).pdf

upload/bibliotik/H/HEALTH AND WELLNESS IN ANTIQUIT - william h. york.pdf

nexusstc/Health and Wellness in Antiquity Through the Middle Ages/b8c1ae68b70771c0ce72fb78fbe7d016.pdf

York, William H.

Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated

Libraries Unlimited, Incorporated

ABC-CLIO, LLC

Health and wellness in daily life, Health and wellness in daily life, Santa Barbara, Calif, California, 2012

Health and wellness in daily life, Santa Barbara, California, cop. 2012

Health and Wellness in Daily Life, Online-ausg, Santa Barbara, 2012

Bloomsbury USA, Santa Barbara, Calif, 2012

United States, United States of America

1, US, 2012

0

lg2167862

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 9.0.0 (Windows)

{"edition":"1","isbns":["0313378657","0313378665","9780313378652","9780313378669"],"last_page":251,"publisher":"Greenwood","series":"Health and Wellness in Daily Life"}

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Health And Wellness In Antiquity Through The Middle Ages Compares And Contrasts Health-care Practices In Seven Different Cultures From Around The World. In Considering The Range Of Medical Practitioners In Each Society, And The Kinds Of Health Care They Provided, It Examines The Development Of A Written Medical Tradition, The Methods Of Medical Education, The Practice Of Surgery, And The Theories And Practices Of Pharmacy. Other Topics Include The Application Of Medicine In Specific Contexts, Such As The Treatment Of Women, Children, And Those With Mental Illness. Another Important Theme Explored Is The Impact Of Religion And State Institutions On The Development, Implementation, And Results Of Medical Care As Experienced By Real People In Real Life. Throughout, The Book Offers An International Historical Perspective, Which Allows For Greater Comparative And Critical Understanding Of How Different Cultural Beliefs Influenced The Development And Management Of Health Care. Factors In Health And Wellness: -- Health And Disease In History -- Health, Disease, And The Body: Disease Theory In The Ancient Near East: Mesopotamia And Egypt ; Disease Theory In The Western Medical Tradition: Greece, Rome, The Islamic World, And Medieval Europe ; Disease Theory In Indian Ayurvedic Medicine ; Disease Theory In Traditional Chinese Medicine -- Health And Social Well-being -- Education And Training : Learned And Non-learned: --medical Learning In The Ancient Near East: Mesopotamia ; Egypt -- Medical Learning In The Ancient Greek And Roman World: Hippocratic Medicine ; Galen And The Hippocratic Tradition -- Medical Learning In India: The Written Tradition Of Ayurvedia: The Origin Of The Ayurvedic Medical Texts ; Medical Education -- Medical Learning In China: Foundations Of Traditional Chinese Medicine ; The Rise Of Formal Medical Education -- Medical Learning In The Islamic World: Translation And The Written Tradition Of Islamic Medicine ; Practitioners And Their Training -- Medical Learning In Medieval Europe: Translation And The Rise Of Universities ; The Hierarchy Of Medical Practitioners And The Non-learned Tradition Of Medieval Medicine -- Religion And Medicine: Faith, Magic, And Healing In Mesopotamia And Egypt: Gods And The Causes Of Disease ; Religious Healing In Ancient Mesopotamia ; Magical Cures In Egypt -- Religious And Naturalistic Medicine In Ancient Greece -- Medicine And Religion In India And China: Magic And Medicine In Early Indian And Chinese Civilizations ; Confucianism And Taoism In Chinese Medical Thought ; Buddhism To Indian Medicine -- Faith Healing In The Islamic And Christian Traditions: Prophetic Medicine In The Islamic World ; Magical And Miracle Cures In Medieval European Medicine -- Women's Health: -- Gynecology: Women's Bodies And Women's Diseases: Mesopotamia And Egypt ; Greek And Roman Gynecological Literature ; Gynecology In Ayurvedic Medical Literature -- Gynecology In Traditional Chinese Medicine ; Female Practitioners And Women Patients In The Islamic World ; The Secrets Of Women And Male Physicians In Medieval Europe -- Obstetrics: Managing Pregnancy And Childbirth: Childbirth In Ancient Mesopotamia And Egypt ; Childbirth And Ancient Greece And Rome ; Childbirth In India ; Childbirth In China ; Childbirth In Medieval Europe -- Health In Infancy, Childhood, And Old Age: Aging And The Life Cycle In Premodern Medical Theories ; Pediatric Medicine: Mesopotamia Cures For Children ; Egyptian Cures For Children ; Children And Medicine In Ancient Greece And Rome ; Pediatric Care In The Ayurvedic Tradition ; Pediatrics In Traditional Chinese Medicine ; Childcare And Pediatric Medicine In Medieval Europe -- Geriatric Care In The Premodern World -- Infectious Disease In The Premodern World: -- Studying Disease In History -- Epidemics And Theories Of Disease Causation -- Smallpox -- Bubonic Plague, Or The Black Death: The Origin And Spread Of The Bubonic Plague ; Medical Responses To The Black Death In Europe And The Islamic World ; Religious Responses To The Black Death ; Popular And Civic Responses To The Black Death -- Leprosy: Lebrosy In India ; Leprosy In China ; Leprosy In Medieval Europe -- Environmental And Occupational Hazards: -- Living And Working Conditions In Rural Communities -- Living And Working Conditions In Urban Centers: Waste And Sewage Removal ; Fresh Water And The Risk Of Lead Poisoning ; The Risk Of Fire ; Violence And Crime -- Surgery And Manual Operations: Surgery In Ancient Mesopotamia -- Surgery In Ancient Egypt -- Surgery In Ancient Greece And Rome: Hippocratic Surgeons ; Roman Surgeons -- Surgery In India: Surgical Training And Procedures ; Early Methods And Reconstructive Surgery ; Surgery And The Vaidya -- Chinese Surgery: The Low Status Of Surgery And Surgeons ; Moxibustion And Acupuncture -- Surgery In The Islamic: Abu Al-qasim Al-zahrawi -- Surgery In The Medieval West: Surgeons And Physicians ; The Rise Of Rational Surgery ; Vernacular Surgery Texts And Craft Practice -- The Brain And Mental Disorders: --the Mind And Illness In Mesopotamia And Egypt -- Mental Health And Humoral Medicine In Ancient Greece And Rome -- The Mind And Mental Health In Ayurvedic Medicine ; Mental Illness In Traditional Chinese Medicine -- Mental Illness In Islamic Medicine -- Mental Illness In Medieval Europe -- The Apothecary And His Pharmacopeia: -- The Pharmacopeia Of Ancient Mesopotamia -- The Egyptian Pharmacopeia -- Greek And Roman Pharmacology -- Pharmacy In Ayurvedic Medicine: Siddha Medicine And Alchemical Remedies -- The Traditional Chinese Pharmacopeia: Early Materia Medica ; Alchemy And Pharmaceutical Chemistry ; Standardizing Materia Medica And Regulating The Drug Market -- Pharmacy In The Islamic World -- Medieval European Pharmacology -- War And Health: -- Weapons And Wounds -- Disease And Hunger In War -- Siege Warfare -- Institutions And Health: -- Governmental And Religious Institutions In Mesopotamia And Egypt: Irrigation Systems ; Embalming In Ancient Egypt And Knowledge Of The Body -- Institutional Support For Health And Medicine In Ancient Greece And Rome: The Museum And The Library Of Alexandria, Egypt ; Roman Engineering: Aqueducts And Sewage Systems -- Institutional Medicine In Ancient India -- Health And The State In China -- Hospitals In The Islamic World And Medieval Europe -- The Black Death And Public Health In Medieval Europe -- Healing And The Arts: -- Encounters With The Doctor In Art And Literature -- The Body In Medical Art. William H. York. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.

Cover 1
Title 4
Copyright 5
Contents 8
Series Foreword 14
1. Factors in Health and Wellness 16
Health and Disease in History 16
Health, Disease, and the Body 18
Disease Theory in the Ancient Near East: Mesopotamia and Egypt 18
Disease Theory in the Western Medical Tradition: Greece, Rome, the Islamic World, and Medieval Europe 20
Disease Theory in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine 24
Disease Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine 26
Health and Social Well-Being 31
2. Education and Training: Learned and Non-Learned 32
Medical Learning in the Ancient Near East 33
Mesopotamia 33
Egypt 35
Medical Learning in the Ancient Greek and Roman World 37
Hippocratic Medicine 37
Galen and the Hippocratic Tradition 39
Medical Learning in India: The Written Tradition of Ayurveda 41
The Origin of the Ayurvedic Medical Texts 41
Medical Education 43
Medical Learning in China 44
Foundations of Traditional Chinese Medicine 44
The Rise of Formal Medical Education 45
Medical Learning in the Islamic World 47
Translation and the Written Tradition of Islamic Medicine 47
Practitioners and Their Training 49
Medical Learning in Medieval Europe 51
Translation and the Rise of Universities 51
The Hierarchy of Medical Practitioners and the Non-Learned Tradition of Medieval Medicine 55
3. Religion and Medicine 58
Faith, Magic, and Healing in Mesopotamia and Egypt 58
Gods and the Causes of Disease 58
Religious Healing in Ancient Mesopotamia 60
Magical Cures in Egypt 62
Religious and Naturalistic Medicine in Ancient Greece 63
Medicine and Religion in India and China 65
Magic and Medicine in Early Indian and Chinese Civilizations 65
Confucianism and Taoism in Chinese Medical Thought 66
Buddhism in Indian Medicine 68
Faith Healing in the Islamic and Christian Traditions 69
Prophetic Medicine in the Islamic World 69
Magical and Miracle Cures in Medieval European Medicine 71
4. Women's Health 74
Gynecology: Women's Bodies and Women's Diseases 74
Mesopotamia and Egypt 74
Greek and Roman Gynecological Literature 76
Gynecology in Ayurvedic Medical Literature 77
Gynecology in Traditional Chinese Medicine 78
Female Practitioners and Women Patients in the Islamic World 80
The "Secrets of Women" and Male Physicians in Medieval Europe 82
Obstetrics: Managing Pregnancy and Childbirth 83
Childbirth in Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt 83
Childbirth in Ancient Greece and Rome 86
Childbirth in India 89
Childbirth in China 90
Childbirth in Medieval Europe 93
5. Health in Infancy, Childhood, and Old Age 96
Aging and the Life Cycle in Premodern Medical Theories 96
Pediatric Medicine 98
Mesopotamian Cures for Children 98
Egyptian Cures for Children 100
Children and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome 102
Pediatric Care in the Ayurvedic Tradition 104
Pediatrics in Traditional Chinese Medicine 106
Childcare and Pediatric Medicine in Medieval Europe 109
Geriatric Care in the Premodern World 111
6. Infectious Disease in the Premodern World 116
Studying Disease in History 116
Epidemics and Theories of Disease Causation 117
Smallpox 120
Bubonic Plague, or the Black Death 124
The Origin and Spread of the Bubonic Plague 124
Medical Responses to the Black Death in Europe and the Islamic World 125
Religious Responses to the Black Death 127
Popular and Civic Responses to the Black Death 128
Leprosy 129
Leprosy in India 130
Leprosy in China 131
Leprosy in Medieval Europe 133
7. Environmental and Occupational Hazards 136
Living and Working Conditions in Rural Communities 137
Living and Working Conditions in Urban Centers 141
Waste and Sewage Removal 141
Fresh Water and the Risk of Lead Poisoning 143
The Risk of Fire 145
Violence and Crime 147
8. Surgery and Manual Operations 150
Surgery in Ancient Mesopotamia 152
Surgery in Ancient Egypt 154
Surgery in Ancient Greece and Rome 156
Hippocratic Surgeons 156
Roman Surgeons 159
Surgery in India 160
Surgical Training and Procedures 160
Early Methods of Reconstructive Surgery 162
Surgery and the Vaidya 163
Chinese Surgery 164
The Low Status of Surgery and Surgeons 164
Moxibustion and Acupuncture 165
Surgery in the Islamic World 167
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi 168
Surgery in the Medieval West 169
Surgeons and Physicians 169
The Rise of Rational Surgery 170
Vernacular Surgery Texts and Craft Practice 173
9. The Brain and Mental Disorders 174
The Mind and Illness in Mesopotamia and Egypt 175
Mental Health and Humoral Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome 176
The Mind and Mental Health in Ayurvedic Medicine 177
Mental Illness in Traditional Chinese Medicine 179
Mental Illness in Islamic Medicine 184
Mental Illness in Medieval Europe 186
10. The Apothecary and His Pharmacopeia 190
The Pharmacopeia of Ancient Mesopotamia 190
The Egyptian Pharmacopeia 192
Greek and Roman Pharmacology 193
Pharmacy in Ayurvedic Medicine 197
Siddha Medicine and Alchemical Remedies 198
The Traditional Chinese Pharmacopeia 199
Early Materia Medica 199
Alchemy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 200
Standardizing Materia Medica and Regulating the Drug Market 201
Pharmacy in the Islamic World 202
Medieval European Pharmacology 204
11. War and Health 208
Weapons and Wounds 210
Disease and Hunger in War 215
Siege Warfare 217
12. Institutions and Health 220
Governmental and Religious Institutions in Mesopotamia and Egypt 221
Irrigation Systems 221
Embalming in Ancient Egypt and Knowledge of the Body 223
Institutional Support for Health and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome 224
The Museum and the Library in Alexandria, Egypt 224
Roman Engineering: Aqueducts and Sewage Systems 225
Institutional Medicine in Ancient India 227
Health and the State in China 229
Hospitals in the Islamic World and Medieval Europe 231
The Black Death and Public Health in Medieval Europe 233
13. Healing and the Arts 236
Encounters with the Doctor in Art and Literature 236
The Body in Medical Art 239
Glossary 246
Suggestions for Further Reading 250
Bibliography 254
Index 260
a 260
b 261
c 261
d 262
e 262
f 262
g 262
h 263
i 263
j 263
k 263
l 263
m 263
n 264
o 264
p 264
q 265
r 265
s 265
t 265
u 266
v 266
w 266
y 266
z 266

Early medical practices are not just a historical curiosity, but real stories about people and health that may teach us much about the 21st century. This intriguing volume offers a comparative examination of early medicine and health care in regions as varied as ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, Rome, India, China, the Islamic world, and medieval Europe. Health and Wellness in Antiquity through the Middle Ages compares and contrasts health-care practices in seven different cultures from around the world. In considering the range of medical practitioners in each society, and the kinds of health care they provided, it examines the development of a written medical tradition, the methods of medical education, the practice of surgery, and the theories and practices of pharmacy. Other topics include the application of medicine in specific contexts, such as the treatment of women, children, and those with mental illness. Another important theme explored is the impact of religion and state institutions on the development, implementation, and results of medical care as experienced by real people in real life. Throughout, the book offers an international historical perspective, which allows for greater comparative and critical understanding of how different cultural beliefs influenced the development and management of health care. Excerpts from significant original texts to illustrate the concepts discussed Illustrations drawn from many different ancient and medieval cultures portraying health care providers and the treatment of patients Photographs depicting medical instruments and medicinal herbs A bibliography that puts special emphasis on identifying English-language translations of original documents for those who would like to read the primary materials themselves

2018-01-02